Credit Hours: CME 1.00

Target Audience:

Faculty, residents, fellows, and community physicians in General Internal Medicine and subspecialties.

Educational Objectives:

Upon completion of this activity, participants should be able to:

Improve management of patients with type 2 diabetes by implementing treatment strategies using the best and most recently available data specifically for metformin, empagliflozin, and liraglutide.
Improve management of patients with low risk thyroid neoplasms by implementing treatment and surveillance strategies based on current pathological and clinical characteristics.
Implementing safeguards for protecting patients from inappropriate treatment with testosterone replacement therapy by identifying the key details of recent large scale clinical trials.

Suggested Additional Reading:

FDA revises warnings regarding use of the diabetes medicine metformin in certain patients with reduced kidney function: http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm493244.htm

Bernard Zinman, M.D., Christoph Wanner, M.D., John M. Lachin, Sc.D., David Fitchett, M.D., Erich Bluhmki, Ph.D., Stefan Hantel, Ph.D., Michaela Mattheus, Dipl. Biomath., Theresa Devins, Dr.P.H., Odd Erik Johansen, M.D., Ph.D., Hans J. Woerle, M.D., Uli C. Broedl, M.D., and Silvio E. Inzucchi, M.D., for the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Investigators. Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med 2015; 373;22.

Steven P. Marso, M.D., Gilbert H. Daniels, M.D., Kirstine Brown‑Frandsen, M.D., Peter Kristensen, M.D., E.M.B.A., Johannes F.E. Mann, M.D., Michael A. Nauck, M.D., Steven E. Nissen, M.D., Stuart Pocock, Ph.D., Neil R. Poulter, F.Med.Sci., Lasse S. Ravn, M.D., Ph.D., William M. Steinberg, M.D., Mette Stockner, M.D., Bernard Zinman, M.D., Richard M. Bergenstal, M.D., and John B. Buse, M.D., Ph.D., for the LEADER Steering Committee on behalf of the LEADER Trial Investigators. Liraglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med 2016; 375;4.

Authors:

Ronald Codario, MD — Clinical Instructor,Va Pittsburgh Healthcare System University of Pittsburgh
No relationships with industry relevant to the content of this educational activity have been disclosed.

No other members of the planning committee, speakers, presenters, authors, content reviewers and/or anyone else in a position to control the content of this education activity have relevant financial relationships with any companies whose primary business is producing, marketing, selling, re-selling, or distributing healthcare products used by or on patients.

The University of Pittsburgh is an affirmative action, equal opportunity institution.