Target Audience:

Faculty, residents, fellows, and community physicians in General Internal Medicine and subspecialties.

Educational Objectives:

Upon completion of this activity, participants should be able to:

• Review the current epidemiology of the COVID-19 pandemic
• Describe how and why diabetes management moved from a “glucocentric approach” to a “multifactorial metabolic approach” during the past 10 years.
• Discuss proposed mechanisms and clinical data supporting use of SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists for improving cardiovascular, renal and obesity outcomes.
• Identify medications which cause obesity and transition to weight neutral medications or weight loss medications when clinically appropriate.
• Treat the root cause of metabolic dysfunction instead of symptoms.
• Describe how to leverage technology to inform shared decision making and to facilitate improved patient self-care.

Suggested Additional Reading & Joint Accreditation Statement - Note: This Accreditation Statement Supersedes All Other Statements:

Suggested additional reading:

1. Brown E, Heerspink HJL, Cuthbertson DJ, Wilding JPH. SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists: established and emerging indications. Lancet. 2021 Jul 17;398(10296):262-276.
2. Ferro EG, Michos ED, Bhatt DL, Lincoff AM, Elshazly MB. New Decade, New FDA Guidance for Diabetes Drug Development: Lessons Learned and Future Directions. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020 Nov 24;76(21):2522-2526.
3. Sharma A, Verma S. Mechanisms by Which Glucagon-Like-Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Reduce Cardiovascular Risk in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Can J Diabetes. 2020 Feb;44(1):93-102.
4. Thomas CE, Mauer EA, Shukla AP, Rathi S, Aronne LJ. Low adoption of weight loss medications: A comparison of prescribing patterns of anti-obesity pharmacotherapies and SGLT2s. Obesity.2016-24(9);1955-1961.
5. Glauser TA, Roepke N, Stevenin B et al. Physician knowledge about and prescriptions of obesity management. Obes Res Clin Pract.2015.
6. Arterburn D, Wellman R, Emilliano A, Smith SR, odegaard AO, Murali S, et al. Comparative effectiveness and safety of bariatric procedures for weight loss: A PCORnet chohor study. Ann Intern med 2018; 169(11):741-750

Joint Accreditation Statement
In support of improving patient care, the University of Pittsburgh is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) and the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.

The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine designates this enduring material activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit[s]™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. This educational activity is approved for 1.0 contact hours.

Other health care professionals will receive a certificate of attendance confirming the number of contact hours commensurate with the extent of participation in this activity.