Faculty, residents, fellows, and community physicians in General Internal Medicine and subspecialties.

Upon completion of this activity, participants should be able to:

• Evaluate the psychosocial factors influencing pain management in sickle cell disease.
• Analyze the impace of stigma on adults living with sickle cell disease.
• Describe clinical outcomes for adults who face barriers to in-person endocrinology care for type 2 diabetes
• Recognize benefits and potential shortcomings of virtual diabetes care delivery
• Implement team-based virtual diabetes care to improve outcomes for adults with complex type 2 diabetes.
• Identify clinical characteristics of adults with type 2 diabetes who may benefit from additional support when accessing endocrinology care through telemedicine
• Determine strategies for follow-up and cardiovascular disease prevention after preeclampsia
• Explain the impact of preeclampsia and hypertension on cardiac structure and function in the decade after pregnancy.
• Assess the association between preeclampsia and cardiovascular disease

Suggested Additional Reading:
• Countouris M, Mahmoud Z, Cohen JB, et al. Hypertension in Pregnancy and Postpartum: Current Standards and Opportunities to Improve Care. Circulation. 2025 Feb 18;151(7):490-507. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.073302. Epub 2025 Feb 17. PMID: 39960983.
• Countouris ME, Catov JM, Zhu J, et al. Association of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy With Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction 8 to 10 Years After Delivery. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2024 May;17(5):e016561. doi: 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.124.016561. Epub 2024 May 21. PMID: 38771901; PMCID: PMC11115371.
• Countouris ME, Villanueva FS, Berlacher KL, et al. Association of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy With Left Ventricular Remodeling Later in Life. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021 Mar 2;77(8):1057-1068. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.12.051. PMID: 33632480; PMCID: PMC10544734.
• Hangaard S, Laursen SH, Andersen JD, et al. The Effectiveness of Telemedicine Solutions for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2021 Dec 26;19322968211064630. PMID: 34957864.
• Zupa MF, Vimalananda VG, Rothenberger SD,  et al. Patterns of Telemedicine Use and Glycemic Outcomes of Endocrinology Care for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(12):e2346305. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46305
• Kobo O, Van Spall HGC, Mamas MA. Urban–rural disparities in diabetes-related mortality in the USA 1999–2019. Diabetologia. 2022 Dec;65(12):2078-2083. PMCID: PMC9630196 

In support of improving patient care, the University of Pittsburgh is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.

Physician (CME)

The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine designates this enduring material activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™.Each physician should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Other health care professionals will receive a certificate of attendance confirming the number of contact hours commensurate with the extent of participation in this activity.